![]() ![]() The SAGE encyclopedia of action research (Vols. Qualitative research involves the collection and analysis of narratives and/or open-ended observations through methodologies such as interviews, focus groups or ethnographies.Ĭoghlan, D., Brydon-Miller, M. Quantitative research includes methodologies such as questionnaires, structured observations or experiments and stands in contrast to qualitative research. ![]() the USA has a higher gross domestic product than Spain). ‘Students with lower grade point averages tend to score lower on a depression scale’) or compare across aggregated data (e.g. averages, percentages), show relationships among the data (e.g. The collection of quantitative information allows researchers to conduct simple to extremely sophisticated statistical analyses that aggregate the data (e.g. ![]() ‘On a scale from 1 to 10, how depressed did you feel last week?’). personal income), while in other cases the numeric structure is imposed (e.g. Some of the numeric data is intrinsically quantitative (e.g. Two-tailed (non-directional) hypotheses these state that a difference will be found. In a correlation study, the predicted direction of the correlation can be either positive or negative. Quantitative research gathers a range of numeric data. One-tailed (directional) hypotheses these state the specific direction the researcher expects the results to move in, e.g. It refers to a set of strategies, techniques and assumptions used to study psychological, social and economic processes through the exploration of numeric patterns. What is Quantitative Research? Quantitative methodology is the dominant research framework in the social sciences. ![]()
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